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Factors of Brain Drain and Future of Malaysia
Brain drain can be defined as the emigration of highly trained or intelligent people from developing countries to developed country. A well-educated local citizen, leaving behind home grown country for better opportunities and better life search comes up more often in globalisation world. Besides that, individuals who settle down upon completion of abroad studies are considered as human capital flight. In this context, this research paper tries to explore the intensity and distribution of brain drain in Malaysia, factors behind of talented people leave Malaysia and go abroad and highlights the consequences of it. Descriptive and qualitative analytical methods are used to analyse available secondary data. The research findings shows that apart from politics, higher living standard, better remuneration (due to currency exchange rates), education quality, and better working benefits abroad are the major factors leading to migration. Shortage of human capital and the loss of inner strength that take place due to the scarcity of skilled domestic workforce in Malaysia ae the negative impact of migration. This may create an ‘intense’ brain drain situation which could hinder Malaysia’s ambition to become high-income economy by the year of 2020. However, the human capital flight does not always bring negative impact to Malaysia as continuous improvement in skills and technology in country, higher GDP per capital based on remittances will bring positive impacts to Malaysia. Overall, it is to make the win-win scenario for both sending and receiving countries. Keywords : Brain drain, migration, human capital flight, emigration, Malaysia
9th International Conference on Malaysia-Indonesia Relations (PAHMI 9) Faculty Of Social Sciences Yogyakarta State University
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